REHYSTRATOR-ELECTRICAL MACHINERY VIBRATION ALARM

Authors

  • A. F. Belousov
  • I. O. Yashkov
  • I. Yu. Filippov

Keywords:

mechanical vibration, the mass of the rotor magneto and piezoelectric amplifier, the amplitude and frequency of vibration, operational amplifier, detector, comparator

Abstract

Mechanical vibrations of electrical machines occur during operation and start-up. Their magnitude and frequency are due to the uneven distribution of the rotor mass by volume, and when the machine is operated for a long time, the wear of the bearing bearings continues. To prevent accidents of machines and bearing foundations, it is necessary to control the amplitude and frequency of vibrations by means of sensors that convert mechanical vibrations into electrical signals that can be registered and, if necessary, build on them a protection that, when vibrations exceed a specified norm, disconnects from the energy source.

In the article two types of sensors are considered: magnetoelectric, working on the basis of the law of electromagnetic induction and direct piezoelectric effect. In the first sensor inside the hollow coil with a large number of turns, a cylindrical permanent magnet is suspended on the damping springs, which under the action of vibrations moves along the turns, finding in them an e.d.s. to , where W – is the number of turns of the coil;  linear velocity of magnet motion; B – is the magnitude of the magnetic induction; S is the cross-sectional area of the coil;  and  the angles between the normal of the plane of the coil winding and the lines of the vector of magnetic induction.

The other sensor uses a piezoceramic plate rigidly fixed on the base of the plate. On the other hand, the plate is connected to the console. At one end of the console is suspended a load of mass m. Mechanical vibrations force the load to move up and down. The other end of the console is connected to the back of the piezoceramic plate. This design allows you to act on the plate by squeezing and stretching, resulting in an electrical signal. The signal power is very low, so an amplifier with a large input resistance is installed at its output.

The sensor inputs are connected to the DA1 operational amplifier with a frequency-dependent negative feedback with a gain of 100. The amplified signal from the DA1 output through the capacitor C3 is applied to the detector VD2, VD3 operating in the voltage doubling mode. The rectified and filtered signal is fed to the comparator input DA2 and compared with the reference signal taken from the divider R10, R11, R12.

If the amplitude of the signal proportional to the magnitude of the vibration is such that condition  is fulfilled, then the output of DA2 will have a high potential, therefore, the transistor VT1 will be closed and relay K1 will be off. There will be no alarm. Excessive vibration increase leads to the fact that , which leads to the unlocking of VT1, and consequently to the activation of protection.

References

Бэрк Г. Справочное пособие по магнитным явлениям / Г. Бэрк; пер. с англ. – М.: Энергоатомиз-дат, 1991. – 384 с.

Виглев Г. Датчики / Г. Виглев; пер. с анг. – М.: Мир, 1989. – 190 с.

Туричин А.М. Электрические измерения не-электрических величин / А.М. Туричин, Е.С. Новиц-кий, Е.С. Левшина / под ред. П.В. Новицкого. – Л.: Энергия, 1975. – 576 с.

Хоровиц П. Искусство схемотехники / П. Хоровиц, У. Хилл; пер. с англ. – 5-е изд, перераб. – М. : Мир, 1998. – 698 с.

Dibbern U. Magnetoresistive Sensoren and ih-re Anwendung Industrie Elektrik u. Elektronik. – 28 Jg (1983), Nr. 6.

Bethe K. Zur Situation auf dem Sensor Markt. Regelungstechnische. – Praxis 26(1984), Heft 2. Seite 51.

Бэрк Г. Справочное пособие по магнитным явлениям / Г. Бэрк; пер. с англ. – М.: Энергоатомиз-дат, 1991. – 384 с.

References

Berk G. (1991). Reference manual on magnetic phenomena. 384.

Viglev G. (1989). Sensors. Mir 190 p.

Turichin A.M., Novitsky E.S., Levshina E.S. (1975) Electrical measurements of non-electrical quan-tities. 576.

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Dibbern U. (1983). Magnetoresistive Sensoren and ihre Anwendung Industrie Elektrik u. Elektronik. 28 Jg (1983), 6.

Bethe K. (1984). Zur Situation auf dem Sensor Markt. Regelungstechnische. 26(1984), Heft 2. Seite 51.

Burke G. (1991). Handbook on magnetic phe-nomena; Per. With the English. - Moscow: Ener-goatomizdat, 1991. 384.

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Published

2017-07-17

How to Cite

Belousov, A. F., Yashkov, I. O., & Filippov, I. Y. (2017). REHYSTRATOR-ELECTRICAL MACHINERY VIBRATION ALARM. Lighting Engineering & Power Engineering, (1), 44–47. Retrieved from https://lepe.kname.edu.ua/index.php/lepe/article/view/371

Issue

No. 1 (2017): 48

Section

Articles

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