Optimization solution of damping oscillations in undercarriages of carts of urban electric transport
Keywords:
electromechanical shock absorber, spring rails, undercarriageAbstract
The analysis of existing structures of vibration dampers, their advantages and disadvantages, which affect the dynamic characteristics of the shock absorbing structures, the rail track and comfortable conditions of carriage of passengers, are carried out. Analysis of the design of oscillation dampers showed the existence of electromechanical systems, the principle of operation of which is based on the conversion of kinetic energy. This contributes to the ability to adjust the damping force depending on the modes of movement of the vehicle. In this case, the vibrational energy is not only utilized, but also returned to the electric circuit of the vehicle with the possibility of reusing it. The design of the electromechanical shock absorber was selected for experimental studies and its optimal geometrical parameters were established.
The ratio of the parameters of the electromechanical shock absorber is determined and specified by the solution of the optimization problem, which is caused by the chosen design. To solve the optimization problem, we use the polyhedron method, which is structured in the form of a finite-length lan-stripe, which contributes to the preliminary determination of the parameters. To solve problems of this type, a combined method is used that includes genetic algorithms that are guided by probabilistic forks and the necessary information about the value of the objective function without requiring additional information about the parameters. The centralized part of the algorithm is a selection scheme, which requires knowledge of the average fitness of all individuals and the individual adaptability of the choice of application points of genetic operators. According to the above optimization problem and using the genetic algorithm, preliminary data of the solution of the conditional optimization problem are obtained.
Searching and solving problems with many extremes was carried out taking into account the whole set of possible variants.
At the final stage of the optimization procedure, the optimization procedure is performed by the Nelder-Mead method. As a result of the calculations, a local optimization method is defined, which helps to improve the accuracy of the calculation of the optimal parameters of the electromechanical shock absorber.
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